Rethinking Accountability in Pig Butchering Scams

January 22, 2025
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A Call for Broader Accountability

Pig butchering scams—deceptive schemes where victims are groomed over time to invest large sums into fraudulent crypto investments—have become a global crisis. According to a recent study featured in Time Magazine, these scams have resulted in over $75 billion in losses worldwide, fueled by criminal networks operating largely unscathed in Southeast Asia. Despite the alarming scale of this issue, much of the focus has unfairly fallen on cryptocurrency kiosks, and the crypto industry more broadly, leaving the critical role of traditional banks largely unexamined.

Examining the misplaced scrutiny on crypto kiosks, the overlooked responsibilities of banks, and the steps needed to adopt a more balanced and effective approach to fighting pig butchering scams.

 

Cryptocurrency Kiosks: A Convenient Scapegoat

Cryptocurrency kiosks, often referred to as Bitcoin ATMs, have been a target for criticism in discussions surrounding pig butchering scams. While these kiosks provide a legitimate and convenient way for users to exchange cash for cryptocurrency, they’ve become a focal point in fraud investigations due to their role as the final step in some pig butchering schemes.

To combat misuse, kiosk operators have implemented strong compliance measures:

  • Strict Regulations: Operators are registered and licensed as money services businesses (MSBs), and must follow federal and state-level AML/KYC and consumer protection requirements.
  • Transaction Monitoring: Software is deployed to identify suspicious transactions and customer behavioral patterns that result in SAR filings with FinCEN.
  • User Warnings: Prominent and tailored scam alerts are displayed on the digital screens of the kiosks, requiring users to acknowledge the risks before initiating any transaction..
  • Customer Support: Kiosk operators generally have stronger and more accessible customer service than online crypto exchanges. Often, kiosk companies provide consumers with multiple communication channels that connect with representatives who are well-versed in spotting the warning signs of a potential fraud.

These measures, however, are often overlooked, in favor of a Monday-morning quarterback critique of how the kiosk operator would allow such a scam to happen at their machine. While kiosk operators should be held to the highest standard, so too should all financial institutions that play a role in pig butchering schemes. None bigger than banks. However, the narrative overlooks a crucial earlier stage of these scams—the facilitation of large cash withdrawals by banks. It’s important to remember that while some pig butchering schemes involve kiosks, nearly all of them involve banks.

 

The Overlooked Role of Banks

A crucial but often ignored step in pig butchering scams is the victim’s initial withdrawal of funds from their bank account. This raises critical questions:

  • Why are banks not effectively flagging and investigating large or out of pattern cash withdrawals?
  • Are tellers trained to recognize red flags, and how to intervene when appropriate?
  • Why is there virtually no scrutiny on the role of banks in enabling these transactions?

As Time Magazine reports, “In the old days, it would be extremely difficult to move that much cash through the financial system. You’d have to go through banks and follow ‘know-your-customer’ procedures.” Yet today, victims often report that they disclosed their intentions to bank staff, only to be met with indifference or a lack of awareness about pig butchering scams.

This lack of intervention is disturbing to say the least, and only enables and emboldens scammers. Further, by not calling out banks, we are  perpetuating the assumption that they are inherently more secure and proactive than crypto-related businesses—an assumption that warrants reevaluation.

 

Expanding Accountability Across Financial Institutions

To effectively combat pig butchering scams, accountability must extend beyond crypto companies to banks. Here’s what a more balanced approach could look like:

  • Enhanced Bank Training: Banks should train staff to recognize scam-related red flags and engage with customers withdrawing large sums. Annual, canned training modules won’t suffice. Banks must do better. 
  • Proactive Fraud Detection: Improved transaction monitoring systems that more effectively flag unusual withdrawals, fund transfers, or other out of place activities for further review.
  • Collaboration with Law Enforcement: Banks must work closely with regulators and investigators to provide critical insights into the identification of scam victims, as well as the ever-evolving trends and typologies deployed by the sophisticated scammers.

By holding banks to the same standard as crypto companies, we can intervene at the earliest stages of scams, preventing more victims from falling prey to fraudsters.

 

Holistic Solutions for Financial Safety

In addition to expanding accountability, financial institutions must adopt a more comprehensive strategy to address scams like pig butchering:

  • Consumer Education: Banks and crypto companies alike must prioritize user education, teaching customers how to recognize scams and protect their assets.
  • Omni-Channel Protections: Warning messages and fraud detection measures must be accessible at every stage of the transaction process, from bank withdrawals to cryptocurrency exchanges.
  • Law Enforcement Support: Specialized units targeting international fraud rings need insights and cooperation from financial institutions to dismantle these networks.

As noted in Time Magazine, “These are large criminal organized networks, and they’re operating largely unscathed.” A collaborative, multi-faceted approach is the only way to disrupt these operations effectively.

 

Bridging the Gap: Crypto Kiosks and Banks

The undue focus on cryptocurrency kiosks creates a double standard that not only hampers justice but also misdirects resources. Scams like pig butchering rely on a series of steps involving both traditional and crypto financial institutions, yet crypto kiosks often shoulder a disproportionate share of the blame. This narrative undermines the broader goal of tackling scams effectively by ignoring the crucial role banks play in the early stages of these schemes. Both banks and crypto businesses must bear equal responsibility for preventing fraud and protecting consumers.

Banks often serve as the initial touchpoint in pig butchering scams, where victims withdraw large sums of cash before converting it into cryptocurrency at a kiosk or transferring it to other financial channels. This critical juncture offers an opportunity for intervention that is frequently missed. Financial institutions, particularly banks, need to strengthen their fraud detection mechanisms, train staff to identify red flags, and actively engage with customers when suspicious activities arise. By doing so, they can play a pivotal role in stopping scams before they escalate.

A compelling example of necessary consumer protections comes from Assembly Bill 39 (AB39), California’s Digital Financial Assets Law, which mandates that licensed crypto companies provide at least 50 hours of customer support weekly. While this requirement specifically addresses crypto firms, it highlights the broader need for accessible and real-time support across all financial institutions. Such measures ensure that victims have a lifeline when they encounter suspicious activities, whether they involve cryptocurrency or traditional banking transactions. This mandate, though narrowly applied, serves as a stark reminder of the gaps in consumer protections across the financial sector—a sad but arguably necessary step in today’s fight against fraud.

By fostering greater accountability among banks and crypto businesses alike, we can create a more unified and effective approach to combating scams. Collaboration, transparency, and proactive consumer education will be key to bridging the gap and ensuring that all institutions, not just crypto-related entities, contribute meaningfully to the fight against financial fraud.

 

Toward a Safer Financial Ecosystem

Pig butchering scams represent a significant threat to global financial security, one that requires all stakeholders—banks, crypto companies, regulators, and law enforcement—to share the burden of accountability. By addressing gaps in oversight, enhancing consumer education, and fostering collaboration, we can create a safer and more equitable financial system.

The fight against scams like pig butchering is not about assigning blame but about ensuring every player in the financial ecosystem does their part. Let’s raise and hold the bar high for compliance across the entire financial ecosystem!

Protecting yourself and your business from scams starts with awareness and preparation. Schedule a complimentary discovery call with BitAML today to explore tailored compliance strategies and stay ahead of emerging threats. Together, we can build a stronger, more secure financial future.

 

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